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Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Institute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
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sont  indiquds  ci-dessous. 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 

Covers  damaged/ 
Couverture  endommag^e 


rry]    Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
\y  I    Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pellicul6e 


D 
D 
D 
D 
D 
D 


n 


D 


Cover  title  missing/ 

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p^    Pages  damaged/ 
L^K  Pages  endommag^es 


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n 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film6  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqu^  ci-dessous. 


Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
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obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


10X 

14X 

18X 

22X 

26X 

30X 

1 

K 

1 

12X 

16X 

20X 

24X 

28X 

32X 

1 

lire 

details 
jes  du 
modifier 
jer  une 
filmage 


6es 


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re 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  — ^>  (meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
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beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
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L'examplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grdce  d  la 
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Library  of  Congress 
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conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

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par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
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originaux  sont  film6s  en  commengant  par  la 
premidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  — »>  signifie  "A  SUIVRE ',  le 
symbols  y  signifie  "FIN  ". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
film^s  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  film6  d  partir 
de  I'angle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n6cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  m6thode. 


y  errata 
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nt 

ne  pelure, 

ipon  d 


1 

2 

3 

32X 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

lit 


Three  Essenlials  to  National  Perpetuity  anH  Power. 


A  Free  Ballot. 
A  Free  School. 
A  Free  Church. 


V 


^c> 


V    y' 


>s 


A    DISCOURSE    DELIVERED    IN    CALVARY    BAPTIST    CHURCH,    NEW 

YORK,   ON   T  'ANKHGIVINQ    DAY,   NOV.   27,    1890,    ^,^ -*-»>^ 

By  Rkv.  R.  S.  MacAbthur,  D.  D.c(^'  361B9Q-     '  , 


/ 


Price,  10  ccnU,  Hcnt  by  mail  on  receipt  of  price.    $6.50  per  100,  by  cxpresB. 


NEW  TORK : 
lOTT,  PllINTEU  AND  PuBlIBHER, 

463  Hudson  Street, 
1890. 


'   \ 


■^'i.^^ 


^ 


\ 


COI'TIIKIHT 

Itv    E.    Scott, 
IWK), 


M 


L 


-y3  ^^ 


-5 


:"-i 


PREFACE. 


This  Sermon  is  published  by  request.  The  subject  here 
discussed  is  a  most  vital  one,  and  deserves  a  fuller  consid- 
eration than  our  time  on  Thanksgiving  Day  would  permit 
us  to  give  it.  With  more  time  for  discussion,  many 
points  could  have  been  more  carefully  elaborated. 


II 


111 


m 


Tiree  Essentials  to  Natioial  Perpetuity  aiil  Poier. 


II 


'fKXT  :  "  T/icn  the  chief  en  pt  a  in  mine  and  mid  unto  him, 
Ti'll  i)ic,(ir/  thou  a  Ihman?  He  said,  Yea.  Ami 
/he  chief  aip/aiii  (tiiswrrcu',  With  n  (jrcat  ,wm  obtained 
I  thiti  freedom.  A  nd  Paul  said,  lint  I  iuasfree  born." 
—Acts  'i'l :  27,  28.  » 

The  Apostle  Paul  rejoiced  in  the  privilege  of  his  Roman 
citizenship,  lie  had  informed  the  Tribune  that  he  was  a 
native  of  Tarsus,  and  in  answer  to  the  question,  "  Art  thou 
a  Roman  ?"  he  answered,  "  Yea."  The  Tribune  informs 
him  that  by  a  great  price  he  had  obtained  that  privilege, 
and  Paul  replied,  "But  I  was  free  born."  He  was  a 
Roman  citizen  in  virtue  of  his  birth.  The  city  of  Tarsus 
seems  to  have  been  endowed  with  the  privileges  of  a  free 
city  by  Augustus  Cii'sar.  The  free  cities  were  accustomed 
to  use  their  own  laws,  to  be  exempt  from  Roman  guards, 
and  to  select  their  own  magistrates.  They  were  oblige.? 
simply  to  recognize  the  supremacy  of  the  government  and  to 
give  aid  in  time  of  war.  Possibly  this  privilege  was  conferred 
upon  some  of  Paul's  ancestors  as  the  reward  of  distinguished 
military  services,  but  of  this  we  are  not  sure.  It  is  enough 
to  know  that  he  was  "  free  born,"  and  that  he  iiighly  prized 
his  privileges.  So  ought  we  to  appreciate  the  blessing  of  citi- 
zenship in  America.  It  is  an  honor  to  be  prized  and  a 
privilege  to  be  exercised.     If  the  eminent  Apostle  felt  a  just 


iNTiinnucrioN. 


prido  in  knowing  tlmt  ho  was  a  Roman  citizen,  should  not 
any  man  to-day  feol  prouder  in  Baying,  I  am  an  American 
citizen?  Ho  who  wears  worthily  the  badge  of  American 
citizenship  is  greater  tlian  he  who  wore  tlie  crown  of  the 
CiDsars.  Let  every  citizen  of  this  Uepublic  see  to  it  that 
ho  does  not  misuse  his  high  privilege,  or  lightly  esteem  the 
honor  of  American  citizenship. 


#( 


U( 


uUl  not 
nerican 
ncrican 
1  of  tho 
I  it  that 
Jem  tho 


Kll 


^11 


1,  -A    FREE  BALLOT. 

AMONd  tho  c88ontial8  to  National  Perpetuity  and  Tower 
of  which  wo  shall  speak,  in  the  fiiHt  plaee,  ia  a  KuKE  Ww- 
lOT      We  do  not  regard  tlie  ri-ht  of  8nlTraj;e  as  an  em-n- 
tial,  inherent,  fundamental  right  of  humanity.     As  a  nuit- 
ter  of  fact,  this  right  is  controlled  l.y  tho  Constitution  ot 
the  general  (iovornment  and  by  the  laws  of  theseveral  States. 
Discrimination  has  been  made  against  women,  against  aliens 
who  have  not  been  naturalized,  against  minors,  and  against 
those  who  are  insane.     The  State  an.l  the  general  (rovern- 
mont  thus  illustrate  their  right  to  declare  wlio  shall  and 
who  shall  not  exercise   this   privilege.     It   is  a  privilege 
which  ought  to  bo  greatly  aiiprcciated,  and  which  oughtal- 
ways  to  be  rightly  exercised.     We  would  like  to  sec  a  law 
passed  making  the  exercise  of  the  right  of  suffrage  obliga- 
tory     It  ought  not  to  be  left  to  the  option  and  convenience 
of  individual  citizens.     If  voters  were  taxed  an  amount  in 
proportion  to  the  value  of  their  property,  which  tax  would 
be  remitted  when  they  discharged  the  duty  of  voting,  we 
would  have  fewer  inllucntial  citizens  who  do  not  take  the 
trouble  either  to  register  or  to  vote.     Such  men  do  not  de- 
serve to  have  good  government.  Were  it  not  that  the  innocent 
suffer  with  the  guilty,  wo  should  be  glad  to  see  these  indif- 
ferent citizens  paying  tribute,  as  we  all  now  are  doing,  to 
the  men  who  graciously  condescend  to  control  public  affairs 
in  this  city.     Many  of  our  intelligent  and  wealthy  citizens 
are  largely  to  blame  for  the  condition  of  municipal  affairs 
which  we  now  see,  and  which  gives  us  merite.l  reproach 
throughout  the  civilized  world. 


A  Film:  n.\r.LOT. 


Tho   frootloni  of  tlio   ballot   nmy  also  bo  ilestroyed  by 
ignorance.     Wc  ahoiiid  bo  gliid  to  soo  ii  property  or  iin  in- 
tolligonco  (luiilitication  lieforo  tiio  right  to  voto  should  bo 
couforrotl.     Tho  tontloiicy  of  the  timo,  wo  know,  is  toward 
tho  extension  of  tlie  right  of  suffrage  on  tho  other  side  of 
tho  Atlantic  ;  but  notwithstanding  tliis  tendency,  we  are 
free    to    say   that   we    would    rather   eco    this   right   cir- 
cumscribed than   enlarged.      A    man  who  will  not   take 
tho  trouble,  in  this  enlightened  ago  and  country,  to  learn 
to  read  ought  not  to  have  tiio  right  to  cast  a  ballot.     Ex- 
cept a  man  can  read  the  Constitution  of  \\\o  United  States 
and  the  ballot  whicii  ho  is  about  to  cast  he  ought  to  have 
no  ballot  in  his  hand.     It  was  not  a  little  amusing,  althougli 
altogether  saddening,  during  our  last  municipal  election,  to 
sec  men  carefully  coached  before  going  into  tho  booth,  and 
to  SCO  tho  paster  which  their  instructors  wished  them  to 
voto  separated  from  otlicr  pasters  and  stowed  away  careful- 
ly in  their  hats  because  thoy  were  unable  to  read  a  single 
name  printed  thereon.     In  some  instances,  some  odorous 
fluid  was  poured  upon  the  pastor  which  they  were  instruct- 
ed to  vote  so  that  they  might  bo  able  to  separate  it  from 
the  others.     Thus  their  noses  rendered  them  a  service  when 
ignorance  blinded  their  eyes.     These  arc  tho  men  who  to- 
day are  your  rulers,  0  citizens  of  New  York. 

In  some  States,  as  we  shall  hereafter  see,  there  is  even 
now  an  intelligence  qualification.  The  qualification  on 
which  we  now  insist  might  throw  out  large  numbers  of  ig- 
norant black  men  in  the  South,  and  almost  equally  large 
numbers  of  equally  ignorant  white  men,  some  in  the  South 
and  some  in  tho  North.  But  the  country  can  afford  to  do 
without  the  votes  of  such  men. 

The  freedom  of  the  ballot  may  also  be  prevented  by  polit- 
ical bossism.  This  tendency  may  work  in  two  ways.  In 
one  case  it  may  be  the  bossism  of  the  opposite  party  which 
practically  disfranchises  large  numbers  of  ignorant  and 


A   FUF.K   Ti ALLOT 


)  destroyed  by 
lorty  or  im  in- 
iroto  flliould  1)0 
now,  is  toward 
)  otlicr  side  of 
iidency,  wo  ivro 
this   riglit   cir- 

will  not  tai<o 
uiitry,  to  learn 

a  ballot.  Ex- 
3  United  States 
3  ought  to  havo 
using,  although 
ipal  election,  to 

tiio  booth,  and 
wished  them  to 
d  away  careful- 
to  read  a  single 
,  sonio  odorous 
y  were  instruct- 
jparato  it  from 
n  a  service  when 
0  men  who  to- 
k. 

e,  there  is  even 
:iualiflcation  on 

numbers  of  ig- 
)8t  equally  largo 
[we  in  the  South 
3an  afford  to  do 

ivented  by  polit- 

two  ways.     In 

site  party  which 

f  ignorant  and 


timid  voters.  That  thousands  of  eolorcd  inin  are  pra(fti<uil- 
ly  (lisfranchiHed,  no  one  familiar  with  tho  facts  will  deny. 
Wlu'ther  they  ought  to  have  received  the  l)all»,t  when  they 
did  iH  a  ([uestion  which  we  will  not  here  discuss;  l)ur  that 
now  they  ought  to  ex(U'ciso  that  right  is  a  statement  which 
no  unprejudiced  man  will  attempt  to  deny.  It  is  a  crime 
against  the  (-onstitution  and  u  ('ritne  against  the  liberty  of 
the  I{epubli(!  when  large  numbers  of  men  are  in  this  way 
through  business  threats,  through  social  ostracism,  and 
through  danger  to  limi)  and  life  prevented  from  exercising 
the  rights  of  suffrage.  If  it  took  all  the  power  of  tho  na- 
tioiud  government  to  enforc((  Amendments  to  the  Constitu- 
tion, I  should  say,  "  fiot  them  bo  enforced,  so  long  as  they 
are  laws  of  the  laiul,"  Are  white  men  afraid  of  the  suprem- 
acy of  black  men  if  tliey  have  their  rights  ?  Surely 
thoy  will  not  make  so  humiliating  a  confession.  I 
ask  no  favors  for  the  black  man.  I  demand  for  him 
justice.  Where  is  the  boasted  chivalry  of  the  South  ? 
Where  is  tho  manliness,  where  the  Christianity  of  this 
nation  ?  Daro  wo  longer  treat  our  black  l)rother  so  un- 
fairly i*  In  the  name  of  honesty,  maniiiie(<*i,  expediency 
and  Christianity,  I  demand  justice  for  tho  Negro.  But 
political  bossism  operates  in  another  way  to  destroy  the 
freedom  of  tho  ballot :  It  may  cause  a  party  to  make 
nominations  which  tho  best  men  in  the  party  cannot 
endorse.  They  must,  therefore,  either  vote  with  the  other 
party  or  lose  their  vote  entirely.  1'hore  are  times  when  a 
party  should  rise  as  one  man  to  repudiate  the  methods  of 
its  leaders.  I  must  say  that  I  give  the  Republicans  of 
Pennsylvania  great  honor  that  they  had  the  courage  so  to 
do.  When  a  man  who,  in  the  opinion  of  many,  was  the 
tool  of  another  who,  in  their  opinion,  had  not  a  clear  polit- 
ical record,  became  a  candidate  for  the  highest  office  in  the 
State,  the  members  of  that  party  rose  in  their  majesty  and 
defeated  him  in  a  State  where  their  majority  is  usually  almost 


10 


A   FREE  BALLOT. 


overwhelming.  There  is  a  marked  difference  between  the 
Republican  and  Democratic  parties.  In  this  city,  when  a 
man  was  renominated  for  the  highest  municipal  othce  a 
man  who  was  spoken  of  in  several  of  the  papers  almost  daily, 
and  in  at  least  one  pulpit,  as  "a  self-confessed  criminal 
(this  language  is  not  mine,  I  only  (i«otc  it)  his  party  rose 
in  its  majority  and  re-elected  him.  In  Pennsylvania,  he 
man  was  repudiated  by  his  party  ;  in  New  York  City,  the 
man  is  re-elected  by  his  party  with  an  increased  ma3ority 

Political  parties  must  have  their  leaders;  we  are  not 
ioiniug  in  a  senseless  outcry  against  political  leaders.     All 
men  who  have  to  do  with  earthly  affairs  know  that  every 
great  enterprise  must  have  leaders;  but  there  are    eaders 
and  leaders;  and  a  Free  Hallot  will  insist  upon  leaders 
who  are  worthy  of  the  honors  which  their  fellow-cit.zens 
thus  confer  upon  them.     The  late  Gen.  Hancock  gave  us  a 
noble  phrase  when  he  spoke  of  "a  Free  Ballot  and  a  fan- 
count."    Unfortunately,  this  idea  has  remained  m  certain 
sections  largely  a  matter  of  sentiment ;  unfortunately  it  has 
not  been  reduced  to  actual  experience.     Thous^inds  in  our 
country  to-day  who  have  a  right,  according  to  the  law  of  the 
land,  to  cast  a  ballot,  are  practically  disfranchised,     ihp 
question  of  suilrage  we  know  is  not  yet  permanently  settled. 
It  ought  to  receive  now  fuller  and  freer  discussion  than  it 
has  hitherto   had.     Originally,    the   Constitution   of    the 
United  States  left  each  State  to  regulate  the  franchise  for 
its  own  citizens  ;  but  the  14th  Amendment  took  a  step  in 
advance,  declaring  that  "No  State  shall  make  or  enforce 
any  law  wl.ich  shall  abridge  the  privileges  and  immun;tie8 
of  the  citizens  of  the  United  States."     The  loth  Amend- 
ment adds,  "The  right  of  citizens  of  the  T  nited  States 
to  vote  shall  not  be  abridged  by  the  United  States,  nor  by 
any  State  on  account  of  race,  or  color,  or  previous  condition 
of  servitude."     Who  will  affirm  that  this  Amendment  is 
not  violated  in  every  State  and  national  election  ?    Such 


5rence  between  the 
1  this  city,  when  a 
municipal  ottice,  a 
papers  almost  daily, 
confessed  criminal" 
3  it)  his  party  rose 
I  Pennsylvania,  the 
[ew  York  City,  the 
noreased  majority, 
eaders  ;  we  are  not 
litical  leaders.     All 
rs  know  that  every 
it  there  are  leaders 

insist  upon  leaders 
their  fellow-citizens 
.  Hancock  gave  us  a 
;e  Ballot  and  a  fair 
!  remained  in  certain 

unfortunately  it  has 

Thousands  in  our 
iing  to  the  law  of  the 
disfranchised,     Thp 
permanently  settled, 
ir  discussion  than  it 
Constitution   of    the 
ate  the  franchise  for 
[ment  took  a  step  in 
liall  make  or  enforce 
eges  and  immunities 
'     The  loth  Amend- 
of  the  United  States 
Jnited  States,  nor  by 
,  or  previous  condition 

this  Amendment  is 
onal  election  ?    Such 


A    FREE  BALLOT. 


11 


violation  is  now  practically  accepted  without  much  discus- 
sion. 

Again  I  ask  :  Are  white  men  afraid  of  the  supremacy  of 
black  men  ?  Do  tliey  not  dare  give  black  men  an  e(|ual 
chance  in  this  country  't  Is  this  not  the  land  of  the  free  ? 
Is  this  not  supposed  to  be  the  home  of  the  brave  ?  What 
right  have  we  to  put  upon  the  bla(!k  man  any  race  disa- 
bilities which  we  refuse  to  accept  for  ourselves  ?  Let  there 
be  one  rule  for  all.  Men  are  to  be  judged  not  by  color  but 
by  character.  The  race  question  applies  to  the  North  as 
well  as  to  the  South.  Great  race  questions  have  to  be  met  and 
settled  in  this  city  of  New  York  every  time  an  election  is 
held.  If  men  may  be  practically  disfranchised  in  one  part 
of  the  country  on  account  of  race,  why  may  they  not  be 
disfranchised  in  another  part  of  the  country  for  the  same 
reason  ?  It  is  still  the  prerogative  of  the  State,  with  the 
exception  made  by  the  loth  Amendment,  to  determine  who 
shall  enjoy  the  franchise.  In  their  Constitutions,  the  dif- 
ferent States  are  to  a  large  extent  uniform  in  regulating 
the  conditions  in  which  the  suffrage  shall  be  exercised.  In 
some  Western  States,  the  franchise  is  given  to  those  who 
have  resided  in  the  State  for  a  given  time,  say  one  year  or 
more,  but  have  not  as  yet  become  citizens  in  the  strict 
sense.  In  Connecticut  and  Massachusetts  a  rudimentary 
education  is  required  of  the  voter,  while  for  many  years  in 
Rhode  Island,  a  property  qualification  was  essential  to  the 
right  of  suffrage.  In  1879,  Massachusetts  passed  a  law 
which  gave  women  a  right  to  take  part  in  all  town  matters 
and  to  exercise  the  right  of  voting  at  the  election  of  school 
officers.  Similar  privileges  have  been  accorded  to  women  in 
other  States.  The  right  to  vote  ought  to  be  much  more 
highly  esteemed  than  it  is  by  the  average  American  citizen, 
and  should  be  exercised  in  the  fear  of  God  and  with  the 
determination  to  use  tiiis  power  in  the  light  of  intelligence 
and  conscience.     A  Feek  Ballot  is  one  of  the  pillars  of 


^5j  A  FREE  BALLOT 

our  national  fabric.  To  displace  it  would  be  to  i"^P«"Hne 
Structure  If  the  government  is  to  remain  stable,  men 
mrt  betble  to  cast'a  Fukk  BA.LOxandit  must  be  coun  ed 
Toast.  The  ballot-box  is  the  Ark  of  the  Covenant  o  the 
Ame  an  Hepublic,  and  the  man  who  tampers  with  it 
p  "ityl-ikes  a  blow  at  the  heart  of  American  liberty,  and 
•it  the  sacred  interests  of  humanity.  ,    •    ^-    , 

AFKKKBAU.OTmaybc  prevented  also  by  ecclesnistieal 
despotism.  We  believe  that  ministers  have  a  ^Jg^;  ^^  ;^^'^. 
dut  es  and  privileges  of  other  citizens  of  the  United  States  , 
btTeSisdenoiuinations  ought  not,  as  suc^.    o  appear 

Katzer  of  Wisconsin,  said  in  substance  at  a  ^oe-  -b  o 
meeting,  that  whoever  would  not  vote  against  he  Bennett 
raw^e  would  regard  as  personally  and  officially  an  enemy 
;Ti;e  Roman  Catholic  Cluirch,  he  went  beyond  his  rights 
^r^i^ling  ecclesiastical  despotism  to  iiiter^i.  w.h  e 
rights  of  suffrage  of  American  citizens.  Of  tin.  we  shall 
speak  more  fully  later. 


to  imperil  fne 
n  stable,  men 
list  be  counted 
ivenant  of  the 
ipers  with  its 
in  liberty,  and 

y  ecclesiasticiil 
right  to  all  the 
United  States ; 
uch,  to  appear 
atholic  Bishop 
I  recent  publio 
ist  the  Bennett 
sially  an  enemy 
yond  his  rights 
Lerfere  with  the 
»f  this  we  shall 


II.— A   FBEE   SCHOOL. 

No  intelligent  American  will  deny  that  the  Ku?:e  Sciiooi. 
is  another  essential  to  the  perpetuity  of  our  nation.    This  is 
not  the  time  nor  place  for  going  into  details  as  to  what  is 
to  be  taught  in  the  public  school ;  hut  we  may  say,  in  gen- 
eral, that  its  object  is  to  fit  American  citizens  for  the  dis- 
charge of  their  duties  as  citizens.     The  State  must  protect 
itself  and  guard  against,  dangers  to  its  existence  and  proper 
functions.     It  is  very  certain  that  sectarian  education  ought 
not  to  be  given  in  public  schools,  or  in  any  way  at  the  ex- 
pense of  public  funds.     Tlicrc  are,  however,  certain  great 
moral  principles  which  will  be  admitted   by  Gentile  and 
Jew,  by  Protestant  and  Romanist,  by  atheist  and   believer 
alike.     Those  great  principles  of  ethics  can  be  taught   in 
our  public  schools.     All  will  agree  that  a  life  of  truthful- 
ness rather  than  of  falsehood,  and  a  life  of  purity  rather 
than  of  vice,  is  to  be  commended,  and  the  principles  which 
lead  to  such  a  life  can  be  taught  without  doing  violence  to 
any  man's  conscience.     Such  a  work  on   ethics   might  be 
prepared  for  use  in  our  public  schools  which  would  receive 
the  endorsement  of  all  intelligent  men  and  women  in  our 
community.  We  do  not  insist  upon  the  retention  of  the  Bible 
in  the   pul)lic  schools  ;  read  in  the  perfunctory  manner  in 
which  it  is  often  read,  the  reading  is  of  little  value.  We  insist 
upon  an  entire  separation  of  distinctive  religious  instruc- 
tion from  secular  study  in  our  public  school.     This  is  the 
only  tenable  position  for  us  to  take  against  the  Romanist 
on  the  one  side  and  tlie  secularist  on  the  other.     Religious 


L 


11 


^1    FRKK  SCIIODL. 


education  can  be  cared  for  by  the  various  churches,  and  to 
them  this  duty  belongs  ;  but  every  one  who  is  to  be  a  citi- 
zen needs  a  sutbcient   amount  of  general   instruction   to 
enable  him  to  perform   his  duties  as  such,     lie   must  be 
sutliciently  instructed  to  be  competent  to  enact  and  enforce 
hiws  for  tiie  protection  of  the  community  ;  to  understand 
tlie  nature  and  rights  of  property  ;  and  to  carry  on  and 
develop  all  forms  of  industry.     Such  an  education  as  this, 
the  public  school  can  give,  and  must  give  if  it  is  true  to 
its  highest  purposes.     In  a  government  like  ours  which  is 
'« of  the  people,  by  the  people,  and  for  the  people,     the 
gain  of  such  an  education  as  this  cannot  be  over-estimated. 
Can  any  better  system  of  education  be  substituted  for  that 
now  enjoyed  by 'the  American  people?    We  are  opposed 
even  to  the  technical  and  professional  education  of  citizens 
at  the  expense  of  the  community  as  a  whole.     Whether  our 
Normal  Schools  and  Free  Colleges  should  continue  to  be 
supported  by  the  State,  is  a  question  to  which  opposing 
answers  can  well  be  given.     My  own  thought  is,  that  only 
rudimentary  education  is  the  function  of  the  State ;  that 
the  community  has  no  more  right  to  be  taxed  that  young 
men  and  women  may  have  technical  and  professional  educa- 
tion as  they  enter  their  social  and  business  careers,  than  if 
the  community  were  taxed  to  furnish  each  young  man  or 
woman  with  a  capital  of  hundreds  of  dollars.     If  we  take 
the  position  here  assumed  in  regard  to  the   public  school, 
it  does  not  seem  possible  that  any  one  can  urge  a  reasonable 
objection  against  it.  ,,      ^n       ^     ^t 

But  we  must  acknowlege  the  fact  that  the  Church  of 
Home  is  the  deadly  foe  of  the  public  school  system.  We 
have  no  desire  here  to  say  anything  unkind  nor  unfair 
against  that  Church,  and  so  long  as  she  confines  herself  to 
the  teaching  of  religion,  we  shall  not  utter  a  sing  e  word 
aeainst  her.  As  religionists,  we  have  no  criticism  to  make 
ou  our  Roman  Catholic  citizens;  but  when  they  become 


ihurches,  ami  to 
3  is  to  be  a  uiti- 
iiistructiou  to 
.  lie  must  be 
:iiict  and  enforce 
;  to  ujulerstaml 

0  carry  on  and 
ducation  as  this, 
if  it  is  true  to 
;e  ours  which  is 
;he  people,"  the 
3  over-estimated, 
istituted  for  that 
We  are  opposed 
;ation  of  citizens 
e.  Whether  our 
[  continue  to  be 

which  opposing 
gilt  is,  that  only 
■  the  State ;  that 
axed  that  young 
rofessional  educa- 
s  careers,  than  if 
h  young  man  or 
lars.  If  we  take 
le   public  school, 

urge  a  reasonable 

,t  the  Church  of 
lool  system.  We 
ikind  nor  unfair 
ionfines  herself  to 
ter  a  single  word 

1  criticism  to  make 
when  they  become 


A  FREE  sanooL. 


15 


politicians,  and  endeavor  to  destroy  American  institutions, 
wo  have  a  right  to  raise  our  voices  against  them,  and 
thousands  of  American  (citizens  will  raise  their  voices  with 
authority  against  their  present  intrusions  and  usurpations. 
That  no  one  may  think  I  am  speaking  without  authority, 
I  shall,  at  this  point,  quote  from  distinguished  ecclesiastics 
in  that  Church  in  proof  of  all  the  statements  that  I  shall 
make.     Hear  what  the  late  Pope  lias  said  : 

"  The  people  are  not  the  source  of  civil  power." — Piv.f 
IX.,  Eve.  39. 

"  The  T?omish  Church  and  ner  ecclesiastics  have  a  right 
to  immunity  from  civil  law  ' — Pnta  IX.,  Enc.  30. 

"Education  outside  thj  control  of  the  Roman  Catholic 
Church  is  a  damnable  heresy." — Pope's^  SyUnhis. 

"  The  Homish  ('hurch  has  a  right  to  exercise  its  author- 
ity witliout  having  any  limits  set  to  it  by  the  civil  power." 
—Pins  IX.,  Enc.  10. 

"  The  Romish  Church  has  a  right  to  interfere  in  the 
discipline  of  the  public  schools,  and  in  the  arrangement  of 
the  studies  of  the  public  schools,  and  in  the  choice  of 
teachers  for  these  schools." — Pope  Pins  IX.,  Enc.  45. 

"Public  schools  open  to  all  children  for  the  education  of 
the  young  should  be  under  tiie  control  of  the  Romish 
Church,  and  should  nor,  be  subject  to  the  civil  power,  nor 
made  to  conform  to  the  opinions  of  the  age." — Pope  Pius 
IX.,  Enc.  47. 

Similar  statements  from  the  present  Pope,  Leo  XIII., 
could  be  given  also. 

Monsignor  Capel,  a  very  distinguished  Roman  Catholic, 

said  : 

"  I  am  pursuing  a  careful  study  of  your  school  system. 
The  result  is  there  is  going  to  be  a  tight.  There  are  a  good 
many  Catholics  in  this  country.  *  *  Your  school  sjjs- 
tem  is  inadequate  for  them  and  they  are  going  to  leave  it. 
Suppose  the  Church  should  send  out  a  command  to  start 
schools  in  every  parish,  to  establish  and  support  parochial 
schools  and  send  all  Catholics  to  them.     *     *     It  can  be 


16 


A  FREE  SCHOOL. 


done  by  the  utterance  of  a  word  as  sharp  as  the  click  of  a 
trigger." 

Listen  now  to  Archbishop  Perciie,  of  New  Orleans  : 
"Our  public  scliool  system  *  *  is  emphatically  a 
social  plague.  It  is  no  system  of  education  at  all,  but  the 
simple  and  direct  negation  of  such,  since  it  excludes  all 
creed,  without  which  education  *  *  is  impossible.  Tlie 
public  school  system  is  not  imperfect  only,  it  ia  also  vicious. 
*  *  Your  very  blood  would  curdle  in  your  veins  at  the 
bare  recital,  *  *  of  tiie  scandals  of  which  they  are  the 
scene."     (pp.  O-l  and  '.>'>  J.  of  F.) 

Listen,  also,  to  another  authority  of  the  Komish  Church, 
Archbishop  Elder,  of  Cincinnati  : 

"  On  this  subject  we  have  no  new  instruction  to  give. 
The  declarations  of  the  Holy  Mother  church  have  been  of  late 
years  so  numerous  and  clear  tliat  there  is  nothing  for  a 
Catholic  but  to  obey  them  or  renounce  his  religion.  *  He 
that  will  not  hear  the  church,  let.iiim  be  to  thee  as  a  hea- 
then and  a  j)ublican.'  *  *  Where  Catholic  schools  can  be 
established  it  is  a  sin  to  send  Catholic  children  to  other 
schools.  *  *  God  grant  that  our  fellow  citizens  may  see, 
before  it  is  too  late,  how  this  method  of  rearing  children 
(that  is  in  public  schools)  is  helping  the  desolating  march 
of  dislionesty  and  every  immorality  through  the  land." 
(pp.  82  and  83,  J.  of  F.) 

Our  friend  Dr.  C.  0.  Brown,  in  his  admirable  tract  en- 
titled "  The  Public  Schools  and  Their  Foes,"  says  : 

"  Now  as  to  the  significance  of  this  world-wide  move- 
ment ;  what  does  it  mean  here  in  America?  What  is  its 
bearing  on  our  cherished  free-school  system?  It  means 
first  of  all  that  the  Catholic  authorities  are  preparing  the 
way  and  withdrawing  Catholic  children  as  rapidly  as  possi- 
ble. Hundreds  of  thousands  have  already  been  withdrawn, 
and  the  work  is  to  go  on,  if  they  can  have  their  way,  until 
not  a  Catholic  child  remains  in  the  public  schools.  How 
is  this  to  be  done?  By  that  tremendous  enginery  of  Rome, 
the  power  of  the  keys.  Absolution  is  to  be  denied — is 
now  as  far  as  prudent  being  denied — to  parents  who  refuse 
to  take  their  children  out  of  the  public  schools.  Hear  the 
decree  of  the  synod  held  in  Louisville,  October  22,  1879  ; 


)  as  the  click  of  a 

New  Orleans : 
ia  emphatically  a 
tion  at  all,  but  the 
iico  it  excludes  all 
8  impossible.  Tlie 
ily,  it  i3  also  vicious, 
in  your  veins  at  the 
which  they  are  the 

he  Komish  Church, 

istruction  to  give, 
■ch  have  been  of  late 
e  is  nothing  for  a 
his  religion.  *He 
e  to  thee  as  a  hea- 
holic  schools  can  be 
c  children  to  other 
w  citizens  may  see, 
if  rearing  children 
desolating  march 
irough  the   land." 

admirable  tract  en- 
''oes,"  says  : 
world-wide  move- 
erica?  What  is  its 
system?  It  means 
are  preparing  the 
as  rapidly  as  possi- 
iy  been  withdrawn, 
,ve  their  wa}',  until 
blic  schools.  How 
enginery  of  Rome, 
i  to  be  denied — is 
parents  who  refuse 
schools.  Hear  the 
October  22,  1879 ; 


.1   FRRK  SCHOOL. 


17 


Absolution  IS  to  bo  denied  to  parents  or  guardians  who 
presume  to  send  their  children  under  niiu"  years  old  to  a 
public  school  in  ,1  place  where  there  exists  a  Catholic 
school.  Archbishop  (Jilmnre.  of  Cleveland,  in  his  Lenten 
pastoral  of  lS,;j,  devoted  largely  to  education,  says:  <If 
parents  either  through  contempt  for  the  priest  or  disregard 
tor  the  laws  of  the  church,  or  for  trilling  reasons,  refuse  to 


send  their  children  to  a  Catholi 


school,  then  in  such  cases 


lorize  confessors  to  refuse  the  sacraments  to 
such  parents  as  thus  despise  the  laws  of  the  church  and 
(lisol)ey  the  command  of  both  priest  and  bishops  " 

"Bishop  Uosecrans  said,  in   187:5.  'The  faithful  are  re- 
quired byconforMiiiig  to  the  words  of  Christ's  Vicegerent 
(the  pope)  tlieir   head  and   the  head  of  all  the  faithful,  to 
l)reak  down   these  schools,  by  doing  their  bounden  duty,' 
etc.     But  lest  you  should   say,   'these  are  subordinate's,' 
hearken   now  to  the  wor.ls  of  the    I'ope.    the  '  infallible ' 
head  of  the  Roman  church,  he  says:  "['he  Roman  church' 
lias   the   right   to  interfere  in   the  discipline  of  the  public 
schoos  and   in   the  choice  of  the  teachers  of  these  public 
schools.     Public  schools  open  to  all  children,  for  the  edu- 
cation of  the  youiiir,  should  be  under  the  control  of  the 
Roman   church   and   should   not   be  subject  to  the   civil 
power,  nor  made  to  conform  to  the  opinions  of  the  age.'" 
(Encyclicals  A  LV  and  A  LVIl.)  ^ 

Dr.  Brown  further  adds  : 

"  Americans  are  not  easily  disturbed.  They  are  slow  to 
arouse  to  a  great  danger.  But  when  such  utterances  as 
these,  which  I  have  quoted  this  evening,  are  fairly  before 
them,  they  wake  up.  When  they  hear  the  authorities  of 
Uome,  coolly  projiosing  to  sell  our  school  proi)erty  nnder 
the  hammer  and  to  be  themselves  the  purchasers,  they  will 
want  to  know  about  that.  When  they  hear  our  schools 
assailed  by  the  vilest  calumnies  and  epithets,  they  will  en- 
quire whence  the  slander  proceeds.  When  they  hear  the 
highest  Roman  authorities  declaring  that  all  education  be- 
longs to  their  church  and  that  it  is  the  duty  of  Catholics  to 
break  aown  our  public  schools,  to  the  end  that  their 
church  may  control  education  in  this  country,  —  they  will 
be  angry  The  masses  of  the  people  will  soon  comprehend 
the  breadth  and  the  significance  of  this  movement  against 


18 


A   FREE  SCHOOL. 


our  schoola.  Then  let  the  power  wliich  has  invadca  our 
civil  rights,  to  iissiiil  the  schools,  bo  (|uick  to  withdraw  to 
its  own  spiritual  domain  !  Americans  are  long-sufTering; 
but  there  is  one  thing  tlicy  will  not  tolonite  :  tlicv  will  not 
endun^  eccilesiastical  interference  with  our  civil  rights. 
What  would  become  of  American  liberties  if  the  views, 
which  I  have  this  evening  (juoted,  could  become  operative 
in  this  land  ?  Where  would  be  our  lil)erties  if  every  Pro- 
testant clergyman  was  endowed  with  power  to  order  his 
people  what  to  do  and  what  not  to  do,  on  pain  of  losing 
their  souls,  as  Catholic  priests  order  their  Hocks  ?  Where 
will  be  our  liberties  when  the  right,  claimed  l)y  the  Pope, 
to  interfere  in  all  the  affairs  of  our  puljlic  schools,  ia  once 
admitted?" 

"  If  Leo  XIII.  ia  testing  this  matter,  of  his  supremacy 
over  millions  of  our  citizens,  liy  this  movement  on  our 
schools,  it  is  well  that  we  are  coming  to  understaml  it. 
Why  did  Father  Ilecker  say  in  1870,  '  there  is,  ere  long,  to 
be  a  state  religion  in  this  country  and  that  state  religion  is 
to  be  Roman  Catholic?'  What  mean  sucli  utterances? 
What  is  their  bearing  on  this  simultaneous  movement 
against  our  schools  throughout  the  land  ?  Let  each  free 
American  citizen  draw  his  own  conclusions. 

"The  third  plenary  council  of  Baltimore  (1885).  Iti  its 
decree  on  'ways  and  means  of  promoting  j)arochial  schools.' 
says:  '  Let  priests  love  their  schools  *  *  Let  them 
teach  the  catechism  and  Bible  histor-  themselves.'  But 
the  prime  doctrine  of  that  'Catechism  '  is  thcsuiirenuicy  of 
the  Pope  on  earth.  That  is  taught  to  all  who  learn  the 
catechism.  Listen  then  to  one  of  the  utterancesof  Pius  IX. 
jind  see  if  it  is  ])roper  teaching  for  those  who  are  being 
trained  for  citizenship  in  a  country  where  freedom  of  speech 
and  worship  are  the  very  sheet-anchor  of  our  liberties. 
January  1,  1870,  Cardinal  Antonelli  for  Pius  IX.  wrote  the 
bishop  of  Nicaragua  that  'freedom  of  education  and  wor- 
ship are  both  contrary  to  the  laws  of  God  and  the 
church." 

"We  must  press  another  question  which  will  disclose 
another  reason  why  we  can  never  consent  to  a  division  of 
the  fund.  Rome  asks  the  state  to  hand  over  to  her  mil- 
lions of  dollars  from  the  public  fund  for  tcuchiiig purposes. 
When  a  person  applies  for  a  vucancy  in  the  teaching  force 


has  invadca  our 
to  withdraw  to 
3  loiij;j-8ufT('ring; 
;e  :  they  will  not 
our  civil  rijflits. 
es  if  the   views, 
)ooonio  operative 
ies  if  every  Pro- 
ber to  order  his 
I  pain   of    losinj; 
llocks  ?     Where 
led  l)y  the   I'oi)e, 
schools,  is  once 

)f  his  supremacy 
ovement  on  our 
)  understand  it. 
TO  is,  ere  long,  to 
,t  state  religion  is 
sucli  utterances  ? 
neous  movement 
?     Let  each  free 

IS. 

ore  (1885),  in  its 
larochial  schools.' 
*  *  Let  them 
themselves.'     But 

I  thesuiirenuicy  of 

II  who  learn  the 
rancesof  Pius IX. 
e  who  are  being 
fi'eedomof  s{)eech 

of  our  liberties, 
'ius  IX.  wrote  the 
lucation  and  wor- 
)f    God     and   the 

Inch  will  disclose 
,  to  a  division  of 
over  to  her  mil- 
tciichiiig  purposes, 
he  teaching  force 


A   FRKK  SCHOOL. 


10 


I: 


of  our  schools,  his  record  and  capacity  are  examined.  lie 
must  stand  or  fall  l)y  the  record.  INnne  has  been  in  the 
tcacliJMg  business  a  long  time.  What  is  lu-r  re<'()r(i  ?  Ire- 
land has  been  under  her  tutelage  for  centuries.  What  is  the 
)erceiitage  of  illiteracy  in  Ireland  ?  Portugal  has  been 
largely  subject  to  Roiue  for  centuries.  What  of  propor- 
tionate inteiligeiice  and  ignoraiu'e  there  ?  What  of  Spain? 
What  of  Hrazil  ^  What  of  .Mexico  ^  What  of  our  own 
New  Mexico,  where,  until  a  few  years  ago,  b'omi'  had  been 
undisturbed  iu  her  school  tea(!liing  't  Aew  .Mexico,  after 
three  <;enturies  of  b'ornish  teaching,  reported  in  1880  sixty 
per  cent,  of  her  populatioji  over  ten  years  old  who  could 
neither  read  nor  write.  Even  tliat  represented  a  very  rapid 
improvement  over  the  rejioit  of  Ls^o,  on  whicdi  the  'agent 
in  chiu-ge  of  statistics  of  education  '  remarks  :  '  The  change 
in  New  .Mexicu)  mny  be  safely  attributed  to  the  establish- 
ment of  common  schools.'"  When  the  common  schools 
come  there  is  great  improvenu'nt  at  once.  (Compend. 
10th  census.  II,  lO.'K)  I.'ome's  record  as  a  .school  teacher 
does  not  warrant  her  (iemand  for  millions  of  our  scliool 
money.  Compare  with  New  Mexico  the  States  where 
Catholicism  has  not  been  permitted  to  control  education— 
where  the  public  school  has  jirevailed." 

Dr.  Hrown  also  calls  attention  to  the  fact  that  near 
Dubuque,  Iowa,  there  are  public  schools  in  which  text 
books  are  used  which  are  filled  with  the  distinctive  teach- 
ing of  the  Iioman  church,  Imoks  with  this  prayer:  "Holy 
Mary,  mother  of  God,  pray  for  us  sinners,  now  and  at  the 
hour  of  our  death.— Amen."  And  catecliisms  with  lessons 
"on  coiitirmation,"  and  other  instructions  to  show  that  the 
Catholic  (duinth  is  the  only  true  church,  with  instruction 
regarding  i)ower  to  grant  indulgence  and  other  abominable 
teachings  of  the  Uoman  church.  What  must  American 
citizens  think  of  such  usur{)ations  P  Are  we  still  to  sleep 
on  while  our  sacred  rights  are  tiius  trampled  on  by  these 
sisters  and  priests  ? 

I  have  given  these  quotations  in  full  from  recognized 
authorities  in  the  Eoman  church.     I   might  have  made 


'20 


,1  /•7.' /■;/•;  scifodL 


them  vory  .nu.-h  fuller  Btill,     The  Uwi  Ik  that  it  ia  now  .le- 
crml  that  tlir  in.l.lic  hcI.ooIs,  so  fur  as  tl.c   li.inan  cluurli 
is  .■oncenu-l.  slmll  pni.Mi.'ally  1..'  .Icstroyi'.l.      If  Ho.na.usts 
insist  upon  lakin-  thnr  .-luMron  out  of  t!.o  i.ul.lic  sclmols. 
we  should  ho  g\m\  to  havo  thorn  insist  also  on  taking  teach- 
ers wlio  aro  Wonuinisis  out  of   their  plaees   in   the    puhlio 
sehools.     On   the  contmrv,  they   take   the   uttnost   pains, 
„sin.r  overy  available  means,  to  get  Catholic,  teachers  into 
our  schools,  an.l.  as  is  clearly  shown  by  the  last  quotation 
„uule,  thev  en.leavor  to  sniu^Rle  in  their  Cate.-hisni  and  to 
have  it  tauKht  in  s.'liools  supi.orte.l  by  public;  money.    I  am 
no  alarmist,  l)ut  the  time  has  come  wiien  we  must  recoKuizo 
these  facts  and  sound  a  warning  to  all  our  citizens.      Presi- 
dent r.rant  wisely  said  at  Des  xMoinos,  Iowa,  in  IHTC  : 

"  If  we  are  to  have  another  contest  in  the  near  future  of 
onr  national  existence,  I  predict  that  the  dividing  line  wi  1 
m'tbo  Mason  and  Dixon's,  but  it  will  be  between  patriot- 
is,n  and  intelligence  on  the  one  side  and  superstition  and 
ambition  and  ignorance  on  tlie  other. 

"Encourage  free  schools. and  resolve  that  not  one  dollar 
appropriated  to  them  shall   be  applied   to  tlie  H'|i;Po';    « 
any  sectarian  school,  resolve  that  any  child  m  the    and 
may  got  a  common-school  education,  unmixed  with  atlieis- 
tic,"  pagan  or  sectarian   teachings.     Kc^'P  the  «»'";;f  i)";' 
state    forever    sei.arate.'      (Speech  before   Army  of      e   - 
nessec   isrc)      It  was  he  who  lirst  proposed  a  constitu- 
tional'amendment,  directly  forbidding  -'<-h  jibiises  as  we 
have  examined  tliis  evening.     President  <-f>''f''    ™ 
monument   has  just   been  dedicated,  was  also   '  alar  ned 
when  he  wrote,  in  his  letter  of  m^cepta.icc  duly  1^,  IHhU, 
'It  would   be  dangon.ns  to  our  institutions  to  apply  any 
portion  of  the  revenue  of  the  Nation  or  of  the  State  to    ho 

up  ort  of  sectarian  schools.'  Lafayette,  that  noble  spirited 
son  of  France,  himself  a  Romanist  was 'alarmed  long 
years  before  either  when  he  said,  'If  the  liberties  of  o 
American  people  are  ever  destroyed  they  will  fall  by  the 
hands  of  the  Uomish  clergy.' "-0«/-  Couniry. 


is  that  it  ia  nowde- 

tlif  Kimiin  cliiirt'li 
)Vih1.  If  lloniiiiiists 
f  the  piiblit;  soliooU, 
iilso  on  takiiif,' teach- 
liiccrt  in  till!  i)iil)lii! 
the  utmost  pains, 
.tholii'  teachers  into 
y  tlie  hi8t  quotation 
L«ir  Catecliisin  and  to 
public;  money.  I  am 
en  we  must  reco{,Mii7.o 

our  citizens.      I'rcsi- 

lowa,  in  IHTC: 

in  the  near  future  of 
the  dividing  line  will 
1  l)c  between  iKitriot- 
ii\d   superstition  and 


A    Fllh'h'  sciioui.. 


Wlnit  relifTfiousljody  dare  interfere  with  the  pulilic  school 
system  which  has  been  so  lonj,'  reco^MUzed  as  one  of  the  in- 
stitutions ol' this  iieimlilic:-'  Shall  ij,'norant  foreii,'ners,  from 
ignorant  Woiuish  countries,  tlius  destroy  distinctive  Amer- 
ican institutions?  Against  Homanists  as  fellow  citizens,  I 
have  no  won!  of  criticism  to  oiler  ;  but  against  IJomanisin 
as  a  system,  in  the  name  of  all  that  is  American,  I  say  let 
us  lift  up  our  voices  ;  let  us  close  against  it  every  door,  and 
determine  that  this  country  consecratc(l  lotig  ago  to 
freedom  by  the  blood  of  our  fathers  and  more  lately 
by  the  blood  of  fathers,  brothers  and  sons,  shall  stand 
for    freedom  even    though    to  jjreserve    it  blood   must  be 


shed  again. 


vo  that  not  one  dollar 
icd  to  the  support  of 
iiy  (diild  in  the  land 
unmixed  with  atheis- 
\.WY  the  church  and 
lefore   Army  of  Ten- 
proposed  a  constitu- 
ig  such  abuses  as  we 
idi-nt  (iartield,   whose 
,  was  also   '  alarmed ' 
3ptrtiicc  duly  \'i,  IHSU, 
titutions  to  apply  any 
or  of  the  State  to  the 
jtte,  that  noble  spirited 
it,  was  '  alarmed  '  long 
If  the  liberties  of  the 
1  they  will  fall  by  the 
•  Counlry. 


Ill,- A    FREE    CHURCH, 


By  a  FuKic  Cnuncir,  wonioim  iiclmn'li  tlmt  hIiiiII  bo  free 
to  worHliip  (ind  iicconliiij^  to  tlio  (lictatcs  of  coiiscit'tK-o 
without  tlic  iiili'rft'rt'ti({i  of  iiiiy  civil  auliiority.  'I'lic  union 
of  cliiircli  and  Sluti'  iuis  l)ei'n  i)r()(lu(;tiv('  of  iiarni  in  cvory 
country  in  tlio  world  whoro  such  union  iixi.sts  or  Iuih  existed 
Tho  separation  helwccn  cliuicli  and  State  in  Kiif^land 
must  come  al)out  before  nuiuy  years  sball  [)ass.  vMready 
the  Chureh  of  England  is  diweHtablisbed  in  Ireland,  and 
tho  Church  of  Seotland  must  shortly  be  disestablisiied  in 
Scotland.  It  is  a  gross  injustice  that  non-eonforniists  in 
Enghind  must  support  tlu'ir  own  ciiurches  by  voluntary 
olTerings,  and  at  tiio  sanio  time  bo  tithed  for  tho  support  of 
a  church  in  whose  jirineiples  tliey  do  not  believe.  The 
horrible  condition  of  what  (ieneral  IJootli  calls  "the  sub- 
merged Tenth  "  shows  that  the  Churcli  of  Kiigland  is  not 
making  good  use  of  its  enormous  wealth  and  great  prestige 
in  that  relation.  This  country  has  shown  the  jjossibility 
of  maintaining  a  free  state  alongside  of  a  free  church. 
For  this  object  our  Haptist  fathers  suffered  fines,  imprison- 
ments and  personal  violence  again  ami  again  in  this  coun- 
try. They  were  at  one  time  almost  the  only  defeiulers  of 
tlio  separation  of  church  and  State.  This  doctrine  which 
is  now  considered  as  distinctively  American  was  at  one 
time  almost  exclusively  Jiaptist.  Many  of  the  Puritans 
who  tied  from  persecution  had  no  distinct  conception  of 
true  religious  liberty.  They  desired  liberty  for  themselves 
and  they  were  willing  to  inflict  punishment  upon  all  who 
dilTered  from  them.  One  has  only  to  remember  that 
in  1651,    Dr.  John  Clarke,  Obadiah  Holmes  and  James 


UURCH, 

irch  that  gliiill  bo  free 

ictiiti'S  of  coiiscii'in'o 
iiitliority.  'I'lic  union 
;tivo  of  liiirni  in  every 
ti  exists  or  liiva  oxinted 
il  Stiitc^  in  KnijliUHl 
hIiuH  [Kisa.  Already 
islied  in  Ireland,  and 
y  be  disestabliHlied  in 
it  non-e.onforniista  in 
liiireheH  liy  voluntary 
lied  for  the  support  of 
ilo  not  believe.  The 
Jootb  rails  "  the  sub- 
rch  of  Kngland  is  not 
1th  and  great  prestige 
iliown  the  possibility 
le  of  a  free  chureh. 
Ifered  fines,  iniprison- 
iiil  again  in  this  eoun- 
the  only  defenders  of 
This  doctrine  which 
\nieric'an  was  at  one 
faiiy  of  the  Puritans 
listinct  conception  of 
liberty  for  themselves 
ishment  upon  all  who 
ly  to  remember  that 
\  Holmes  uud  James 


.1   FllKK  cilifif'U. 


Crandall  Knffered  almost  nntoM  tortures  because  thoy  re- 
fused in  the  exercise  of  their  Christian  liberty  to  recognise 
the  authority  of  tlu!  State. 

We  know  that  Clarke  was  find  £'H),  Holmes  £'M)  and 
Crandall  ITt.  Should  they  refuse  to  pay  they  were  to  bo 
horsewhipped  at  sight.  Clarke  stood  stripped  at  the  whip- 
ping-post till  the  sight  so  moved  a  kind-hearted  gentle- 
man that  he  olTeredasumof  moneyto  save  hitn  from  the  tor- 
ture. *  ♦  *  i^incroft  assorts  that  he  was  whi|)ped  "unmer- 
cifully," and  Cov.  Jenks  says,  "  that  for  some  days,  if  not 
some  weeks,  ho  could  not  rest  except  upon  his  knoes  and 
el  I  tows." 

Dr.  Taylor  thus  describes  the  treatment  meted  out 
to  the  Maptist  ministers  in  Virginia:  they  "were  fined, 
pelted,  beaten,  imprisoned,  poisoned  and  hunted  with 
dogs  ;  their  congregations  were  assaulted  and  dispersed  ; 
the  solenin  ordinance  of  Maptism  was  rudely  interrupted, 
both  administrators  and  canclidates  being  plunged  and  hold 
beneath  the  wattT  till  nearly  dead  ;  they  suffered  mock 
trials,  and  even  in  Courts  of  .Justice,  were  subjected  to  in- 
dignities not  unlike  those  inllicted  by  tho  infamous  Jef- 
freys." At  (!ul|)epper  our  fathers  suffered  persecution 
beyond  description.  (Jlay,  Pickett  and  the  Craigs  are  names 
which  shine  undimnied  by  time  in  Baptist  history.  On  the 
very  spot  where  stood  the  prison  which  held  the  heroic  Ire- 
land, and  through  whose  iron  gates  he  preached  the  gospel 
to  the  people,  there  is  now  a  Baptist  niciting-house  in  which 
the  word  of  God  is  proclaimed  to  those  whose  religious 
liberty  was  obtained  at  the  price  of  blood. 

We  know  also  that  Roger  Williams  endured  exposures  and 
sufferings  that  are  now  almost  inconceivable  inhisdetermina- 
tion  to  secure  for  himself  and  for  tlie  world,  tho  priceless  boon 
of  soul  liberty.  Wo  are  now  confronted  with  opposite  doc- 
trines concerning  the  relation  of  the  church  and  the  State. 
We  have  a  section  of  the  Protestant  Episcopal  Church  in- 


24 


A  ruEE  riiuRC'ii. 


sisting  upon  appropriating  for  that  body  the  namo  "  Ihe 
American  Churcli."     We  arc  glad  to  believe  that  this  de- 
sire applies  to  only  a  part  of  that  clnircli.     The  name,  should 
it  bo  adopted,  would  be  simply  a  misnomer.     Tlu-re  cannot 
be  in  this  Republic  such  a  body  as  the  American  Church. 
What  does  such  language  mean  ?     Certainly  nothing  which 
can  receive  the  endorsement  of  sound   common  sense   or 
fraternal  Christian   feeling.     Hut  we  have  the  Church  of 
Home  going  still  further.      The  recent  election  in  th  c  State 
of  Wisconsin  shows  that  that  church  made  a  determined 
effort  as  a  cliurch  to  control  the  State  for  its  own  purposes. 
The  issue  was  there  distinctly  made  between  Americanism 
and  foreignism,  between  Romanism  and  Protestantism,  be- 
tween a  free  State  or  a  Stat  e  under  the  control  of  the  church. 
Governor  Hoar  was  the  candidate  of  all  friends  of  the  Amer- 
ican system  of  education.     He  insisted  upon  Home  Rule, 
not  Rome  Rule;  upon  an  American  and  not  an  Italian  educa- 
tion.    All  questions  of  tariff  and  political  economy,  and 
matters  of  that  sort  were  entirely  set  aside.      He  discusse.l 
nothing  that  was  purely  and  solely  a  party  issue  ;  but  he 
canvassed  the  State  on  liehalf  of  the  public   schools,  and 
he  urged   the   need  of  an   American  education  for  every 
American  citizen.     He  well  knew  that  in  large  portions  of 
the  country,  children  were  growing  up  to  manhood  ignor- 
ant of  the  language  and  laws  of  the  country.    He  knew  that 
in  a  little  time  these  ignorant  boys  would  bo  voters  and  vir- 
tually law-makers.     He  knew  that  tliis  rapidly    growing 
population  was  non-American  in  language,  non-American 
in  sympathy,  and  would  be  non-American  in  its  exercise  of 

the  suffrage.  .  ^    ^    ^t    t 

Under  this  impulse,  he  made  his  campaign  on  behalf  of 
the  school-house  and  the  rights  and  duties  of  American 
citizenship.  His  judgment  and  his  conscience  were  in  the 
issue,  but  it  is  supposed  that  he  is  beaten  ;  it  is  feared  that 
the  friends  of  ignorance  and  fanaticism  have  triumphed. 


_-;r»«i«t5S'--- 


ly  the  name  "  The 
■iieve  that  this  do- 

Tho  name,  should 

lor.     Tlu-re  cannot 

Americiin  Church. 

linly  nothing  which 

common  sense   or 
lave  the  Church  of 
Blcction  in  the  State 
made  a  determined 
or  its  own  purposes, 
itwecn  Americanism 
i1  Protestantism,  be- 
)ntrol  of  the  church, 
friends  oftheAmer- 
d  upon  Home  Kule, 
not  an  Italian  educa- 
itical  economy,  and 
.side.      He  discussed 
party  issue  ;  but  he 
public   schools,  and 
education  for  every 
;  in  large  portions  of 
)  to  manhood  ignor- 
mtry.    He  knew  that 
lid  bo  voters  and  vir- 
his  rapidly    growing 
;uage,  non-American 
ican  in  its  exercise  of 

impaign  on  behalf  cf 
duties  of  American 
Miscience  were  in  the 
ten  ;  it  is  feared  that 
sm  liave  triumphed. 


A    FREE  CIIURCIT. 


25 


There  is  a  bare  possibility  that,  by  a  recent  discovery,  the 
legislature  may  have  a  majority  of  one  which  will  preserve 
the  Bennett  Law.  It  would  seem  that  no  intelligent 
American  citizen,  apart  from  all  party  question,  can  for  a 
moment  doubt  that  that  law  is  a  desirable  piece  of  legisla- 
tion. Who  can  doubt  that  the  English  language  should 
be  maintained  as  the  language  of  this  (sountry  ?  Who  can 
douljt  that  our  public  schools  should  be  taught  in  the  use 
of  the  English  tongue?  Are  we  to  continue  to  give  men 
the  ballot  without  requiring  them  to  road  the  language  of 
our  country?  Are  we  to  permit  such  men  to  reverse  the 
legislation  of  past  generations?  Shall  they  be  allowed  to 
strike  down  all  that  is  distinctively  American,  and  to 
Europeanize  this  land?  Helieve  me,  the  present  outlook 
is  not  hopeful.  Believe  me,  that  the  jdan  is  to  secure  a 
division  of  the  school  fund  and  to  give  IJoman  Catholics 
and  others  the  opportunity  of  teaching  their  distinctive 
dogmas  at  the  expense  of  the  State.  It  is  a  serious  mat- 
ter when  the  majority  of  Germans  are  willing  to  follow  the 
lead  of  Lutheran  and  Roman  teachers  going  along  such 
a  line  as  this.  It  is  a  serious  matter  when  the  Pope  of 
Rome  can  determine  who  shall  be  Mayor  of  a  city.  Gover- 
nor of  a  State,  and,  perluips.  President  of  the  United 
States.  It  is  a  serious  matter  for  all  Americans  to  consider 
when  the  laws  issuing  from  the  Vatican  are  to  determine 
the  decision  of  great  national  questions  in  the  American 
Republic.  It  is  a  serious  matter  when  a  so-called  mission- 
ary organization  in  Washington  under  the  direction  of  the 
Roman  Church  is  practically  a  system  of  lobbyists  to  secure 
money  from  the  public  treasury  for  the  support  of  Roman 
Catholic  schools  among  the  Indians. 

We  do  not  wonder  that  the  venerable  Bishop  Coxe  should 
use  sucii  strong  language  ae  tlie  following  quotation  con- 
tains : 

"It  makes  my  soul  burn,"  said  Bishop  Coxe,  in  closing, 


•  1 


26 


A  FREE  CnURCIT 


"  when  I  read  the  action  of  the  United  States  Senators  who 
hist  winter  appropriated  $400,000  for  Romish  missions 
among  our  Indians,  and  $150,000  for  other  denominations, 
saying  that  the  Romisli  were  the  best.  'I'he  action  of  tliose 
Senators  was  infamons.  If  they  think  Romish  missions  are 
the  best,  all  I  would  Siiy  is,  look  at  ILiyti." 

What  has  tlie  Church  of  Rome  to  show  in  the  way  of  the 
improvement  of  the  people  among  whom  it  labors  to  justify 
it  in  its  claims  to  give  education  to  Americsm  citizens  ?  To 
what  country  will  it  tnrii  as  a  proof  of  the  beneficent  effects 
of  its  years  of  domination  ?  Every  country  in  wliicli  it  is 
dominant  is  ignorant,  poor,  and  vicious.  Tiiis  statement 
can  be  abundantly  justified  by  historical  references. 

The  Chicago  iHter-Ocean,  Nov.  1,  has  the  following  sig- 
nificant fact  from  Berlin,  Wis. : 

"The  Polish  priest  at  Berlin,  which  has  the  largest  Cath- 
olic church  in  the  State,  has  distributed  the  following  cir- 
cular letter  in  (Jerman  to  his  people  who  are  ignorant 
enough  to  believe  it : 

"'The  time  is  not  far  when  the  Roman  churches,  by  or- 
der of  the  Pope,  will  refu.se  to  pay  the  school  taxes,  and  sooner 
than  pay  the  agent  or  collector,  put  a  bullet  through  his 
breast.  This  order  can  come  at  any  time  from  Rome,  and 
it  will  come  so  suddenly  as  the  pulling  of  the  trigger  of  a 
gun,  and,  of  course,  this  will  be  obeyed,  as  it  comes  from 
God  Almighty.'" 

This  man  took  his  cue  and  part  of  his  language  from 
Monsignor  Capel,  whom  we  have  already  quoted. 

The  Herald  and  Presbyter  givis  us  the  following  as  illus- 
strating  the  same  unpatriotic  purpose  : 

" '  You  are  Catholics  first  and  Americans  afterward.'  So 
said  a  Roman  priest  in  Chicago  to  his  flock  recently.  This 
suggests  that  if  a  man  is  a  'Catholic  first' — that  is,  owes 
his  civil  ami  spiritual  allegiance  to  Rome — what  business 
has  he  with  American  citizenship  at  any  time  ?  " 

Fatiu'r  Walker  of  New  York  says  : 

"  The  public  schools  are  godless,  and  they  who  send  their 
children  to  them  cannot  expect  the  mercy  of  God.     I  would 


7. 


id  States  Senators  who 
for  Homish  missions 
other  denominations, 
'I'he  aetion  of  tliose 
k  Romish  missions  are 
:ayti." 

how  in  the  way  of  ilie 
lOm  it  labors  to  justify 
nericiiu  citizens  ?  To 
:  the  beneficent  effects 
ountry  in  wiiicli  it  is 
ous.  Tiiis  statement 
cal  references, 
has  the  following  sig- 

1  has  the  largest  Cath- 
ted  the  following  cir- 
ple  who  are  ignorant 

jman  chnrches,  by  or- 
3hool  taxes,  and  sooner 
a  bullet  tlirough  his 
time  from  Kome,  and 
ig  of  the  trigger  of  a 
^ed,  as  it  comes  from 

)f  his  language  from 

ady  quoted. 

the  following  as  illus- 

ricans  afterward.'  So 
3  flock  recently.  This 
a  first' — that  is,  owes 
liome — what  l)usincss 
my  time  ?  " 

lid  they  who  send  their 
ercy  of  God.     I  would 


A  FREE  CnURGIT. 


27 


as  soon  administer  the  sacrament  to  a  dog  as  to  such  a 
Catholic." 

Bishop  Coxe  further  says  as  illustrative  of  the  point 
that  I  now  make  : 

"For  400  years,"  said  Bishop  Coxe,  "has  the  name  of 
Christ  been  known  upon  this  island,  and  for  400  years  have 
the  people  been  in  the  hands  of  the  Romish  church,  and 
yet  I  was  informed  upon  good  authority  that  two-thirds 
of  the  men  who  packed  the  cathedrals  were  heathen,  devil- 
worshipers,  voudooists  and  cannibals,  who  worshiped 
there  within  the  very  walls  of  the  cathedrals  their  heathen 
god,  Voudoo. 

"  The  belief  of  the  lower  class  Ilaytiens,  the  bishop  said, 
IS  that  there  are  two  devils,  the  black  one  and  the  white 
one.  By  baptizing  a  child  it  is  made  proof  against  the 
wiles  of  the  white  devil,  but  to  protect  it  from  the  black 
one,  a  sacrifice  must  be  made  to  Voudoo.  So,  some  time 
before  the  Ist  of  January,  a  child  is  taken  and  fattened, 
and  then,  about  New  Year's  day,  it  is  sacrificed  to  Voudoo, 
and  its  ilesh  is  eaten  by  those  taking  part  in  the  ceremony. 
This  is  supposed  to  propitiate  their  heathen  god.  One 
president  of  the  island,  in  trying  to  put  a  stop  to  these 
performaiujes,  had  eighteen  men  shot,  but  he  was  shortly 
obliged  to  leave  in  order  to  save  himself  from  the  fury  of 
the  people." 

Again  I  say  that  I  have  no  unkind  feeling  toward  Rom- 
anists as  fellow  citizens.  I  would  take  from  them  none  of 
their  rights  ;  but  by  the  grace  of  God  I  shall  not  permit 
them  to  take  from  us  our  rights.  We  have  come  into  con- 
flict with  them  on  American  soil,  and  in  every  such  con- 
flict they  have  been  beaten.  The  moment  the  issue  is 
fairly  joined,  their  non-American,  medieval,  and  Italian 
ideas  must  go  to  the  wall.  The  danger  is  that  they  shall 
steal  a  march  upon  us  unawares.  To  be  fore-warned  in 
this  case  is  to  be  fore-armed.  A  recent  writer  in  the  Horn- 
iletic  Review  reminds  us  that  they  came  into  conflict  with  us 
in  the  early  history  of  America  when  the  South  was  largely 
held  by  the  Spaniards  and  the  French.     There  was  at  the 


A    FRF.K  CHURCH. 


siimo  time  a  great   Catholic  Empire  stretching  uver  tlie 
North.     Jesuit  explorers  had  "  built  a  chain  of  forts  from 
the  St.   Lawrence  to  tlie  Ohio,  and  claimtd  all  the  West 
for  Prance  and  the  Mother  Church."     At  that  same  time, 
France,  .S[)ain,  Austria  and  Poland  were  united  in  a  league 
against  Prussia,  and  a  part  of  the  liope  was  the  extinction 
of  Protestantism  in  America.     Then  it  was  that  Kngland 
came  to  the  help  of  Frederick.     And  this  writer  adds  that 
(iod  raised  up  William  Pitt,  a  linure  of  solitary  grandeur, 
to  be  His  instrument  to  throw  the  whole  force  of  England 
on  the  side  of  Frederick  and  to  make  possible  the  victory 
of  llossbach  and  the  Germany  of  to-day.     It  was  Pitt  who 
carved  out  a  British  Empire  from  India.     It  was  Pitt  who 
met  Louis  XIV  on  the  Heights  of  Abraham  and  put  an  end 
to  the  dreams  of  a  I-'rench  Empire  in  America.     Once  more 
did  the  dream  of  a  Catholic  Empire  in  this  Wesicrn  world 
emanate  from  the  brains  and  stir  the  hearts  of  European 
Romanists. 

In  the  dark  days  of  '02  and  'G3,  when  we  were  struggling 
for  national  life,  were  violent  hands  laid  upon  a  sister  re- 
public in  the  name  of  the  Roman  church.  We  have  no 
fear  of  the  Roman  church  if  only  Protestants  will  be  alive 
to  their  duty.  Romanists  feel  the  necessity  of  speaking 
some  patriotic  words,  hence  their  recent  utterances  in  the 
Catholic  Congress  at  Boston.  To-day,  if  eitlur  the  Meth- 
odist or  Baptist  denomination  were  counted  according  to 
the  methods  of  computation  employed  in  the  Roman 
church,  it  v/ould  outnumber  the  ifoman  church.  But  that 
Church  moves  as  a  unit.  It  is  a  tremendous  machine.  It 
is  a  two-edged  sword  whose  point,  as  Joseph  Cook  has 
said,  is  everywhere  and  whose  hilt  is  in  the  Vatican. 

We  go  a  step  further  than  even  some  Baptists  would  fol- 
low. We  claim  entire  separation  between  church  and 
State.  The  Bai)tist  and  the  American  principle  carried  to 
its  practical  application  would  so  separate   between  church 


trctchinj;  uvcr  the 
chain  of  forts  from 
iiiiitu  all  the  West 
At  that  saiiiu  tiiue, 
;  united  in  a  Icaguo 
was  the  extinction 

was  that  Knglanil 
lis  writer  adds  that 

solitary  grandeur, 
lo  force  of  Englaiul 
possible  the  victory 
^•.  It  was  Pitt  who 
a.  It  was  l*itt  wlio 
luiin  and  put  an  end 
luerica.     Once  more 

tliis  Wesicrn  world 
liearts  of  European 

I  we  were  struggling 
id  upon  II  sister  re- 
irch.  We  have  no 
;estants  will  be  alive 
3cessity  of  speaking 
it  utterances  in  the 

if  either  the  Meth- 
)unted  according  to 
ed  in  the  IJonian 
n  church.  But  that 
ludous  machine.  It 
as  Joseph  Cook  has 

in  the  Vatican. 
3  Baptists  would  fol- 
etween    church   and 

principle  carried  to 
ate   between  church 


.1  FBEE  cnrnrn. 


so 


and  State  that  cliurch  property  would  not  be  free  from 
taxation.  ^Ve  have  no  riglit  to  tax  atheists  for  the  supjiort 
of  Christian  cliiirches  We  know  that  they  receive  bone- 
fits  from  them,  but  we  still  insist  that  the  churches  will 
gain  vastly  liy  standing  aloof  from  the  State.  This  is  the 
logical  oiiteonie  of  our  position,  and  for  one.  I  am  quite 
prepared  to  press  the  priii('i|)le  to  this  extreme.  This  is  to 
be  one  of  lht>  live  subjects  for  discussion  for  the  next  five 
years.  It  is  already  upon  us.  Let  us  meet  it  in  the  spirit 
of  an  enligliti'iied  jiatriotisin,  and  in  a  common  love  for 
what  is  right.  'Plie  subject  is  too  grave  to  be  left  to  mere 
sentimentalizing. 

New  York  Hcrahl  says  : 

"Church  property  should  not  be  free.  The  church 
building  should  pay  for  the  protection  of  the  law  ((uite  as 
much  as  tbe  comitiiig-houso  or  dwelling  of  the  private 
gentleman," 

The  New  York  Indvpendcnf  quotes  the  above  and  adds  : 

"This  is  simply  just.  There  is  no  suflicient  reason  why 
cliurcb  projierty  should  be  exempted  from  all  taxation,  and 
therel)y  an  increased  tax-burden  be  imposed  upon  other 
tax-paying  jiroperty." 

We  atlirm  that  no  consistent  TJomanist  can  be  a  loyal 
citizen  of  the  American  Ii'epublic.  Doubtless  there  are 
loyal  Romanists  but  their  American  loyalty  is  at  the 
expense  of  their  ecclesiastical  consistency.  When  a  Rom- 
anist takes  the  oath  of  allegiance  to  our  Constitution  in 
hecoming  an  American  citizen  he  does  so  with  mental  re- 
servations. He  must  do  so.  His  lirst  allegiance  is  to  the 
Pope,  who  is  himself  the  subject  of  a  foreign  government. 

Cavour  gave  us  a  fine  phrase  when  he  spoke  of  "  a  free 
church  in  a  free  state  ; "  and  a  greater  than  Cavour  lias 
said,  "  Render,  therefore,  unto  Caesar  the  things  which  are 
Ctesar's,  and  unto  (rod  the  things  which  are  God's." 


80 


STATEMENTS. 


STATEMENTS. 


Thiit  it  may  dourly  be  seen  that  wo  have  not  exiigger- 
ated  tho  spirit  or  too  strongly  uccoiitiiatod  tiie  moiiiods  of 
tlie  Uomisii  Cliiircli  as  a  i)olitical  system  vigorously  at  war 
with  the  genius  of  Aniericiiii  institutions,  we  append  tiio 
following  statoments,  which  speak  for  themselves  : 

Voice  of  tlie  Ciirdiiiiils. 

"  Stand  by  the  Ciitholic  schools."— C'cn't/Z/iai  McVlo^kcy. 

"  We  iinisl  tiike  part  in  elections." — Qtrdinal  AfcCloKkey. 

"  Tlic  Ciitccliisni  alone  is  esseutiiil  for  the  education  of  the  people." 
—  Carditiiil  Antonelli. 

"The  church  alone  is  endowed  with  the  power  to  educate  the 
j'oung." — CiirdiKnl  Mt'Clonkcy. 

"The  comiiion  scliool  system  of  the  United  Stales  is  the  worst  in 
the  world." — Cardinal  Manniii;/. 

"A  ripe  knowledge  of  the  Catechism,  minus  Massacliusetts  educa- 
tion, is  preferable  to  her  education,  minus  the  Catechism." — Cardi- 
nal AntiinelU. 

"  We  must  take  part  in  the  elections.  Move  in  solid  mass  in  every 
State  against  the  party  pledged  to  sustain  the  integrity  of  the  public 
schools." — Cardinal  .VcCl'inkei/. 

"  Uationalism,  or  rather  Atlieism,  of  the  State  consists  in  the  exclu- 
sion from  the  civil  governnieiil  of  a  religioiis  influence  ;  above  all, 
that  of  the  Church  of  Jesus  Christ,  or,  in  otlier  words,  the  separation 
of  the  State  from  thi;  Church,  absolute  independence  of  the  State 
with  regard  to  the  Church,  which  means  the  oppression  of  the  Church 
by  the  Slate  "—Cardinal  Maaninr/. 

Voice  of  tlie  Councils. 

"All  who  maintain  the  liberty  of  the  press,  Sit  Anathema"  (Let 

them  ba  damned).— Gr«^oj;v.  '^'^J.  "'"'  Pin^,  \^M. 

"■  Those  who  a8,sert  the  liberty  of  conscience  and  of  religious  wor- 
ship. Sit  Anathema." — Pins,  1864. 

"  All  who  advocate  the  liberty  of  speech.  Sit  Anatliema." — Sylla- 
bus, Marnh,  1851  ;  Prop,  btxuc,  Encyclical,  1864. 


h 


— ^1 


igger- 

)(1,S  of 

t  war 
d  tlic 


L-ople." 

lite  iLe 

orst  in 

educa- 
-Cardi- 

a  every 
public 

!  exclu- 
Dve  all, 
ijiratiou 
e  State 
Church 


x"  (Let 


us  wor- 


■Sylla- 


ill 


I 


STATEMENTS. 


81 


"  All  who  Insist  that  marriage  not  sacramentally  contracted  has 
binding  force,  Sit  Anathema  "—I hid.  Prop.  Ixxiii. 

"  All  who  maintain  that  in  countries  culled  Catholic,  the  free  exer- 
else  of  of  otiier  religions  may  laudably  be  allowed,  Sit  Anathema."— 
Ihid.  Prop.  Irviii. 

"  All  who  assert  that  the  Pope  ouRht  to  come  to  terms  with  prog- 
ress, liberalism,  and  modern  civilization.  Sit  Anathema."  —  Ibid, 
Prop.  Ixxt. 

The  Second  Plenary  Council  of  Baltimore,  1S60.  ascribed  to  the  pub- 
lic schools  "that  corruption  of  morals  which  we  have  to  deplore  in 
tlioso  of  tender  years." 

The  Second  Provincial  Conncilof  Orer/on,  1881,  said  that  "  swearing, 
cursing,  and  profane  expressions  are  distinctive  marks  of  public 
school  children." 

The  Sacred  Congregation  of  Propaganda,  in  its  instructions  to  the 
American  Risliops.  1875,  iissigns  as  a  reason  why  the  Roman  Catho- 
lic Church  is  hostile  to  the  public  schools,  that  "teachers  indiscrimi- 
nately of  every  s<-t  are  employed,  who  are  left  free  to  sow  errors 
and  the  seeds  of  vice  in  tender  minds." 


Voice  of  Romish  Priests. 

"  The  public  schools  have  produced  nothing  but  a  godless  genera- 
tion of  thieves  and  blackguards."- Pncs/  Sehaner. 

•'  Uidess  you  suppress  the  public  school  system  as  at  present  con- 
ducted,  it    will    prove    the    damnation   of    this   comnvy."- Father 

Walker. 

"  I  frankly  confess  that  the  Catholics  stand  before  the  country  as 
the  enemies  of  the  public  fichoo]s."~ Father  Phelan. 

"You  ((Catholics)  mtibt  refuse  to  give  a  vote  for  any  man  who  is 
not  for  free  denominational  education."— i^'-tMer  Boylan. 

"  These  so-called  public  schools  are  not  public  schools,  but  infldel 
and  sectarian.  Catholic  parents  who  send  their  children  to  such 
schools  are  guilty  of  m(u-tal  sin."-7?««.  Dr.  Frul. 

'•  The  duty  of  all  loyal,  God  fearing.  Christian  men  (Koman  Catho- 
lics) then,  I  repeat  it,  is  to  make  common  cause  against  this  common 
{oe."—FatJier  Oleason,  of  Oakland,  Cal. 

••  When  the  State  steps  in  and  assumes  the  role  of  school  teacher, 
then  there  is  tlie  invasion  of  the  individual  right,  the  invasion  of  the 
domestic  rights  of  the  church,  and  the  invasion  of  the  divine  rights. 


STA  rEMExrs. 


The  public  school  is  subversive  of  the  rights  of  the  iiKlividiml,  sub- 
versive of  the  rights  of  liie  family,  suliverslve  of  tlie  lij^lits  of  re- 
ligion, subver.sive  of  the  divine  rights  of  God  himself."  —Jiev- 
Failier  McUarthi/. 


Tlie  Voice  of  Sttitcsiiicn. 

Daniel  Wcljster  once  siiid,  "The  public  schools  are  a  preveutive 
of  anarchy,  piiuperisiii,  vice  iind  crime." 

"  Keep  your  iiiiiids  open  to  the  hglit,  and  your  scliools  brigh  j 
historic  atul  divine  Innh."  -ChenKi: 

"  Leave  tlie  matter  of  religion  to  the  family  altar,  llie  eliurch  and 
tlie  private  school  siipporled  entirely  by  private  contribution.  Keep 
the  Slate  and  llie  (•hurcli  forever  separate. " — U.  S.  (Irani. 

"  In  a  country  where  the  oriranic  law,  like  ours,  proclaims  absolute 
freedom  of  religion,  we  have  no  riglit  to  appropriate  any  of  tlie  pub- 
lic money  or  land  to  sectaiian  scliools," — Df.rter  A.  Jfairkins. 

"  Uesolved,  That  universal  education  is  a  necessity  of  our  Govern- 
ment, and  that  the  American  free  school  system  should  be  main- 
tained and  preserved  as  a  safe-guard  of  American  liberty." — Ameiiean 
PaHy  Platform. 

"  It  seems  to  me  that  this  (.school)  (piestion  ought  to  be  s  "'jd  in 
some  definite  and  comprehensive  way,  and  the  only  settlemt..'  that 
can  be  final  is  the  complete  victory  for  Non-8eetarian  Schools.  I  am 
sure  this  will  be  demanded  by  llie  American  people  at  all  liuzards, 
and  at  any  cost." — James  G.  Blaine. 


liml,  sub- 
htH  of  re- 
f."  -liev- 


irevcntivo 

righ 

iiirdi  1111(1 
)ii.     Keep 

s  absolute 
f  tlic  pub- 
It. 

ir  Goveru- 
I  be  miuii- 
■Atnerican 

••'  .'d  in 
iiiL..'  that 
>ls.  I  am 
I  Imzards, 


^> 


l*j 


n 


k' 


H^.. 


